TENDINOPATÍAS: ACTUALIZACIÓN SOBRE MÉTODOS DE TRATAMIENTO Y PROTOCOLOS TERAPÉUTICOS ACTUALES
Tendinopathies: an update on treatment methods and current therapeutic protocols
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65740/96r34s07Palabras clave:
tendinopatía, rehabilitación, ejercicio terapéutico, carga progresiva, fisioterapia, tratamientoResumen
Las tendinopatías son trastornos musculoesqueléticos frecuentes que pueden ocasionar dolor, limitación funcional y disminución de la capacidad para realizar actividades cotidianas, laborales y deportivas. El objetivo fue analizar y actualizar la evidencia científica sobre los principales métodos terapéuticos utilizados actualmente en su tratamiento. Se realizó una revisión narrativa de actualización de la literatura científica, mediante la consulta de bases de datos biomédicas y especializadas, priorizando revisiones sistemáticas, metaanálisis, ensayos clínicos, guías de práctica clínica y documentos de consenso. Se analizaron seis categorías terapéuticas: ejercicio terapéutico y carga progresiva, terapia física, tratamiento farmacológico, corticosteroides e infiltraciones, terapias biológicas y tratamiento quirúrgico. Los principales hallazgos muestran que el ejercicio terapéutico y la progresión adecuada de las cargas constituyen componentes fundamentales del tratamiento conservador. La terapia física puede utilizarse como complemento de programas estructurados de rehabilitación. Los tratamientos farmacológicos presentan principalmente una función sintomática, mientras que los corticosteroides pueden proporcionar alivio a corto plazo, con limitaciones respecto a sus beneficios a largo plazo. Las terapias biológicas, particularmente el plasma rico en plaquetas, presentan resultados heterogéneos. El tratamiento quirúrgico constituye una alternativa para pacientes seleccionados con evolución persistente y respuesta insuficiente al manejo conservador. Se concluye que el tratamiento debe ser individualizado y progresivo, orientado a recuperar la función y capacidad de carga del tendón.
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Derechos de autor 2026 David Antonio Mora Domínguez (Autor/a)
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
